Hornwort spores are relatively large for bryophytes, measuring between 30 and 80 µm in diameter or more. The species grow in very moist and shady places like slopes, rocks or sides of the ditches. The evolutionary relatedness between green algae and bryophytes is indicated by the observation that green algae contain _____ plastid(s) per cell and the reproductive cells of many bryophytes contain _____ plastid(s) per cell. In the species of Anthoceros, the antheridi­um develops from a hypodermal cell as opposed to liverworts. Anthoceros erecrus, A. himalayensis, and A. chambensis are commonly found in Westeni Himalayas. — P.N. The layer of archesporium developed by periclinal division overarches the columella. In Anthoceros hawaiensis it remains one celled in thickness; in A. pearsoni and A. himalayensis it may become two, three or even four cells in thickness. Because neochrome may have helped ferns diversify, the findings underscore the evolutionary significance of horizontal gene transfer among plants, according to the authors. Hornworts, liverworts and mosses are three early diverging clades of land plants, and together comprise the bryophytes. Q.3 (a) Draw well labelled diagram of the L.S. (a) Draw well labelled diagram of the T.S. I, II, & III year) Effective from July , 2012 Theory Paper’s duration is of Three hours and duration of practicals is Four hours

Gut leukocyte trafficking of Teleutosorus of Puccinia and give a brief description of the same. A superficial dorsal cell, lying close to the growing apex, usually divides by a periclinal wall into an upper roof initial and a lower antheridial initial (Fig. 83 Mbp [Megabase pairs]; ). Some species are found growing on decaying wood (Cavers, 1911). Anthoceros grows on moist soil. Anthoceros was the first hornwort genus described , it has worldwide distribution , most species have small genomes with A. agrestis having the smallest genome of all bryophytes investigated so far (1C = 0.085 pg ca. Occurrence. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the hornwort Anthoceros angustus. It is lobed and it has irregular or dichotomous branches. 15 marks This study pinpoints the origin of land plant neochrome within the hornwort lineage and demonstrates that neochrome was transferred horizontally from hornworts to ferns. According to Bower the more complex sporophytes have been evolved from the simpler ones by the progressive sterilization of potentially sporogenous tissue. of Teletosorus of Pucinia and give a brief description of the same. The spores are polar, usually with a distinctive Y-shaped tri-radiate ridge on the proximal surface, and with a distal surface ornamented with bumps or spines Life cycle. Unified Syllabus of Botany for U.P.State Universities (B.Sc. 3. All species are terrestrial and cosmopolitan in distribution. TYPE ANTHOCEROS. The process of the sterilization of sporogenous tissue is very conspicuous in bryophytes. of Anthoceros sporophyte. of Anthoceros sporophyte. draft genome sequence of the hornwort Anthoceros punctatus, and identified the putative ancestral origin of neochrome’s phototro-pin module. (b) Describe the symptoms, causal organism and the control measures of white rust of crucifers. Anthoceros has thallus body. 6.32A-B). The genes matK and rps15 are commonly present in all the known chloroplast genomes of the land plants and Chaetosphaeridium, but are pseudogenes in Anthoceros. They are present in shady places or ;n the crevices of rocks. The life of a hornwort … (c) Draw well labelled diagram of the L.S. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.

(c) Draw well labelled diagram of the L.S. The gene trnP ‐GGG is present in Anthoceros, but is absent in Physcomitrella and is a pseudogene in Marchantia. Evolutionary Significance of Plant-to-Plant HGT. Progressive sterilization of sporogenous tissue in bryophytes!

General structure. The sporogenous layer may be one to four celled in thickness in its further development. Discuss the evolutionary significance of Anthoceros also. Start studying Bio Exam 3. 8+7=15 marks. Hornworts have an ancient lineage and are thought to be some of the earliest plants to have evolved on land. Distribution and Habitat of Anthoceros: Anthoceros is represented by about 200 species.

The life history of ferns may help explain their hypothesized susceptibility to HGT. Dendroceros and Megaceros are mainly tropical genera.

Discuss the evolutionary significance of Anthoceros also. The lobes have a wavy margin.